Welcome to my weekly digest for March 25, 2022.
For new subscribers, this contains a roundup of my recent writings and podcasts, as well as links to the best articles from around the web this week. You can control what emails you get from me by visiting your account page.
Buzzwords Won't Save the American Economy
This week I was featured in a Law & Liberty forum on the topic of building a broad-based economy. The lead essay was from someone arguing against trying to create a broad-based economy in favor of more competition and entrepreneurship. I argue that the world isn’t that simple.
It’s important to first note that many of these simplistic economic ideas have not performed as advertised in the real world. For example, when trade globalization was promoted in the 1990s through NAFTA, the Uruguay Round of trade talks, and ultimately the granting of permanent normal trade relations to China, international trade was touted by economists as a win-win for everyone. It was not until the 2016 China Shock paper that economists began publicly admitting that trade with China had caused many American job losses. We tried free trade, and many if not most Americans are right in concluding that it did not work out well for them.
Similarly, the simplistic view of the firm as a profit-maximizing entity requires significant adjustment. As Julius Krein noted, the real goal of corporations is maximizing returns to shareholders and that “increasing profits is at best a means to that end.” He says, “Rather than take the risks involved in expanding operations or developing a new product, it is often far easier for firms to simply reposition or financially reengineer themselves to realize a higher valuation.” Thus we have seen stock prices skyrocket during a period of anemic economic growth.
And as I recently demonstrated, the state of Indiana implemented the full suite of free-market and conservative policy solutions at the state level, yet remained a mediocre performer, with slow growth in population and jobs, and declining personal incomes relative to the nation.
None of this is to say that trade is bad, corporations are indifferent to profits, or that states shouldn’t balance their budget, but just that reality is much more complex than simple models suggest. “Entrepreneurship” and “competition” aren’t magic elixirs any more than free trade. A look at the real world shows a more complex economic development story, one with a more robust role for government action.
Click through to read the whole thing.
More Content and Media Mentions
Nora Kenney wrote an article about Columbus, Ohio that is a nice complement to and references my article on that city.
New posts this week:
The Unstable, Decaying Orbit of David French - I write about the principled conservative who lost his way.
At American Reformer, Scott Yenor writes about taking the high road for Protestant sexual ethics, and Clifford Humphrey writes about religious liberty and religious license.
My podcast this week is a response to a listener query and looks at the question of whether you can be a conservative in the city. Subscribers can read the transcript.
You can listen to my podcast on Apple, Google, or YouTube.
Please subscribe to get the full experience. Subscribers get exclusive content, transcripts of podcasts and interviews, and can share comments here on Substack.
The American Man
If you haven’t yet done so, you should sign up for New Founding’s weekly men’s lifestyle newsletter, the American Man. Each week we give you ideas quality products you can use, ideas for self-improvement, enriching culture, and examples to inspire you.
Best of the Web
Matthew Schmitz, Sohrab Ahmari, and Edwin Aponte launched a new online journal called Compact. I would describe it as a US version of UnHerd with a more socially conservative bent. Read more about it in the New York Times.
Tish Harrison-Warren has an op-ed in the New York Times talking about the “whole life” movement. This is a good example of what I highlighted in my First Things article on the three worlds of evangelicalism of neutral world cultural engagers embracing a “holistic pro-life” view. In this case, she packages a range of left wing political programs ranging from “living wage” laws to “racial justice” under the heading of “life.”
NYT: Anti-Abortion Groups Once Portrayed Women as Victims. That’s Changing. - this provides some additional perspectives on my newsletter #60 about the pro-life movement’s moral doublespeak.
NYT: A manifesto against sex positivity - “Modern heterosexual dating culture appears to be an emotional meat grinder whose miseries and degradations can’t be solved by ever more elaborate rituals of consent.”
Institute for Family Studies: What we know about paternity leave
Reading through the extensive research on the subject, however, you’d have to conclude that experts think about paternity leave very differently. Their primary interest has not been family bonding, nor even involved fathers as a good in and of themselves, but the re-ordering of gender relations. Fathers need to take care of their infant sons and daughters so that women will be freer to pursue their careers, or as economists sometimes put it, to reach their “full labor market potential.” Paternity leave will ensure that fathers develop their childcare skills so they will stop viewing mothers as the default caretaker. That would allow women to shift some of their energies from domestic responsibilities to market work, to earn more money, and so bring about more gender equality. Women who cut back work hours, work part time, or maybe even stay at home to be with their children represent a retreat into the socially-constructed gender roles policy needs to overcome. Equality is all.
On these grounds, the results of paternity leave have been at best ho-hum. It’s still early in the game—paternity leave has only been around since the late 20th century—but thus far, there’s not much evidence to support the assumptions of policy egalitarians. On the contrary, paternity leave seems to be confirming the existence of the innate differences between mothers and fathers that feminist-minded experts assume to be mere social construction.
South China Morning Post: Marriage on the rocks in China as women rethink their options and Covid-19 limits take toll - It’s important to look at what’s happening in family formation dynamics overseas, as it helps us see that what’s happening in the USA is not unique, and thus likely not attributable to purely domestic causes.
NYT: Covid and the very liberal
The key dividing line appears to be ideology. Americans who identify as “very liberal” are much more worried about Covid than Americans who identify as “somewhat liberal” or “liberal.” Increasingly, the very liberal look like outliers on Covid: The merely liberal are sometimes closer to moderates than to the very liberal…In recent years, these progressive professionals have tended to adopt a cautious approach to personal safety. You might even call it conservative.
NYT: Researchers find an ongoing commitment to pandemic behaviors. They call it ‘long social distancing.’
New research suggests, millions have no intention of ending some pandemic behaviors even if the threat from the coronavirus and its variants were to fully subside. Roughly 13 percent of people in the study reported that they did not intend to change their protective behaviors, like avoiding elevators, mass transit and eating indoors at restaurants.
Slate: Silicon Valley’s Favorite Weird Philosophy Is Fundamentally Wrong - on transhumanism.
Great curation, as usual!
I wanted to push back a little bit on the excerpt from the Law & Liberty forum. I’m not an expert on international economics, but I have taught a couple of sections of it, so I’m familiar with a few textbooks and the general ideas spouted by economists on the subject. I don’t know what Aaron means when he says it was not until 2016 that economists began publicly admitting that trade with China had caused many American job losses. I know of no exception when it comes to models of international trade describing the changes that occur when moving from autarky to free trade that do not emphasize the change in the composition of production. Countries specialize in what they have the lowest opportunity cost of producing – that is the point! Of course this is going to involve changes in the jobs people perform, particularly those in industries in which their home country does not have a comparative advantage. I don’t think any economist ever denied this, so this attack feels like a strawman.
The “simplistic” ideas of economists when it comes to trade – that specialization will lead to increased productivity and that individuals only engage in trade when they expect to benefit from the transaction – are a priori true. They cannot be proven false by experience; in the same way the Pythagorean theorem cannot be proven false through empirical measurement of triangles. I don't see how trade experiences with China could show that they're false.
Again, this isn’t to say that every individual benefits (especially in the short run) from moving from protectionism to free trade (something economists never claimed). But it is the case that protectionism will make the nation as a whole poorer. Perhaps that is something protectionists are willing to accept and perhaps they favor protecting certain industries over the well-being of consumers. That’s fine. But let’s be precise.
With the example of the profit-maximizing firm, we aren’t provided much understanding of how firm evaluation occurs. What is the relationship between profits and firm valuation? Is there a conflict between them? It’s insufficient to demonstrate the falsity of the claim that firms are profit-maximizing by pointing to stock prices skyrocketing during a period of anemic economic growth. Unprecedented money creation by the Fed, which we’ve been experiencing over the last decade and the last couple of years especially, can also make stock prices go up. Now, I’m not saying that there is no nuance in understanding the ends of those in control of firms; there are things like principal-agent problems, taxes on “excess” profits that cause resources to be reallocated, controllers of a firm’s resources using them for personal consumption, and other things that may make it seem like firms aren’t strictly profit-maximizing. But it’s unfair to point at stock evaluations and then indict economics based on it (and trade).
I don't think we should draw unwarranted conclusions from Aaron's essay about Indiana. His report made it seem like geographically and demographically similar states struggled regardless of their policies. One cannot indict free-market policies based on this evidence, and there are clearly other factors that matter. Ideally, we would have a controlled experiment with free-market Indiana and progressive Indiana and then we could make more meaningful conclusions. And does anyone think that a free-market NYC or California wouldn’t be doing better than they currently are?